In boys, puberty generally starts between ages 10 to 14. However, it could start any time after nine years of age. The first sign of puberty in boys is the enlargement of the testes. However, this is rarely noticeable from the outside. Later, the pubic hair starts to appear. Further developments lead to an enlarged penis, voice changes and an increase in height. Most boys would complete the pubertal growth by 18 years of age.
If you notice any signs of puberty below nine years in a boy, it merits a visit to an endocrinologist. The investigations are directed at the causes of increased androgen (male hormone) production. Increased androgen production could be from the testes (directly or triggered by the pituitary) or the adrenal glands. For boys, it is essential to investigate the cause of puberty. It could be an activation of the brain’s hypothalamus that controls the pubertal process. It can be caused by tumours, cysts, hamartomas, infections, or congenital causes. It could be due to disorders of the testes or adrenals. Since some of these causes may be potentially dangerous, it is essential to diagnose them early.
Dr. Mathew John MD,DM